On This Day — 22 August

2012

Ethnic clashes over grazing rights for cattle in Kenya's Tana River District result in more than 52 deaths.

2012–2013 Tana River District clashes

2007

The Texas Rangers defeat the Baltimore Orioles 30–3, the most runs scored by a team in modern Major League Baseball history.

Texas Rangers (baseball)

2006

Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 612 crashes near the Russian border over eastern Ukraine, killing all 170 people on board.

Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 612

2006

Grigori Perelman is awarded the Fields Medal for his proof of the Poincaré conjecture in mathematics but refuses to accept the medal.

Grigori Perelman

2004

Versions of The Scream and Madonna, two paintings by Edvard Munch, are stolen at gunpoint from a museum in Oslo, Norway.

The Scream

2003

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Alabama Roy Moore is suspended after refusing to comply with a federal court order to remove a rock inscribed with the Ten Commandments from the lobby of the Alabama Supreme Court building.

List of justices of the Supreme Court of Alabama

1999

China Airlines Flight 642 crashes at Hong Kong International Airport, killing three people and injuring 208 more.

China Airlines Flight 642

1992

FBI sniper Lon Horiuchi shoots and kills Vicki Weaver during an 11-day siege at her home at Ruby Ridge, Idaho.

Federal Bureau of Investigation

1991

Iceland is the first nation in the world to recognize the independence of the Baltic states.

Iceland

1989

Nolan Ryan strikes out Rickey Henderson to become the first Major League Baseball pitcher to record 5,000 strikeouts.

Nolan Ryan

1985

British Airtours Flight 28M suffers an engine fire during takeoff at Manchester Airport. The pilots abort but due to inefficient evacuation procedures 55 people are killed, mostly from smoke inhalation.

1985 Manchester Airport disaster

1981

Far Eastern Air Transport Flight 103 disintegrates in mid-air and crashes in Sanyi Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan. All 110 people on board are killed.

Far Eastern Air Transport Flight 103

1978

Nicaraguan Revolution: The FSLN seizes the National Congress of Nicaragua, along with over a thousand hostages.

Nicaraguan Revolution

1978

The District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment is passed by the U.S. Congress, although it is never ratified by a sufficient number of states.

District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment

1973

The Congress of Chile votes in favour of a resolution condemning President Salvador Allende's government and demands that he resign or else be unseated through force and new elections.

National Congress of Chile

1972

Rhodesia is expelled by the IOC for its racist policies.

Rhodesia

1971

J. Edgar Hoover and John Mitchell announce the arrest of 20 of the Camden 28.

J. Edgar Hoover

1968

Pope Paul VI arrives in Bogotá, Colombia. It is the first visit of a pope to Latin America.

Pope Paul VI

1966

Labor movements NFWA and AWOC merge to become the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC), the predecessor of the United Farm Workers.

United Farm Workers

1965

Juan Marichal, pitcher for the San Francisco Giants, strikes John Roseboro, catcher for the Los Angeles Dodgers, on the head with a bat, sparking a 14-minute brawl, one of the most violent on-field incidents in sports history.

Juan Marichal

1963

X-15 Flight 91 reaches the highest altitude of the X-15 program (107.96 km (67.08 mi) (354,200 feet)).

X-15 Flight 91

1962

The OAS attempts to assassinate French president Charles de Gaulle.

Organisation armée secrète

1953

The penal colony on Devil's Island is permanently closed.

Penal colony

1949

The Queen Charlotte earthquake is Canada's strongest since the 1700 Cascadia earthquake.

1949 Queen Charlotte Islands earthquake

1944

World War II: Holocaust of Kedros in Crete by German forces.

World War II

1942

Brazil declares war on Germany, Japan and Italy.

Brazil

1934

Bill Woodfull of Australia becomes the only test cricket captain to twice regain The Ashes.

Bill Woodfull

1922

Michael Collins, Commander-in-chief of the Irish Free State Army, is shot dead in an ambush during the Irish Civil War.

Michael Collins (Irish leader)

1902

The Cadillac Motor Company is founded.

Cadillac

1902

Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to make a public appearance in an automobile.

Theodore Roosevelt

1902

At least 6,000 people are killed by the magnitude 7.7 Kashgar earthquake in the Tien Shan mountains.

1902 Turkestan earthquake

1894

Mahatma Gandhi forms the Natal Indian Congress (NIC) in order to fight discrimination against Indian traders in Natal.

Mahatma Gandhi

1875

The Treaty of Saint Petersburg between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of Sakhalin for the Kuril Islands.

Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)

1864

Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention, establishing the rules of protection of the victims of armed conflicts.

First Geneva Convention

1851

The first America's Cup is won by the yacht America.

America's Cup

1849

Passaleão incident: João Maria Ferreira do Amaral, the governor of Portuguese Macau, is assassinated by a group of Chinese locals, triggering a military confrontation between China and Portugal at the Battle of Passaleão three days after.

Passaleão incident

1846

The Second Federal Republic of Mexico is established.

Second Federal Republic of Mexico

1827

José de La Mar becomes President of Peru.

José de la Mar

1798

French troops land at Kilcummin, County Mayo, Ireland to aid the rebellion.

Kilcummin, County Mayo

1791

The Haitian slave revolution begins in Saint-Domingue, Haiti.

Haiti

1780

James Cook's ship HMS Resolution returns to England (Cook having been killed on Hawaii during the voyage).

HMS Resolution (1771)

1777

British forces abandon the Siege of Fort Stanwix after hearing rumors of Continental Army reinforcements.

Siege of Fort Stanwix

1770

James Cook names and lands on Possession Island, and claims the east coast of Australia for Britain as New South Wales.

James Cook

1717

Spanish troops land on Sardinia.

Sardinia

1711

Britain's Quebec Expedition loses eight ships and almost nine hundred soldiers, sailors and women to rocks at Pointe-aux-Anglais.

Quebec expedition (1711)

1654

Jacob Barsimson arrives in New Amsterdam. He is the first known Jewish immigrant to America.

Jacob Barsimson

1642

Charles I raises his standard in Nottingham, which marks the beginning of the English Civil War.

Charles I of England

1639

Madras (now Chennai), India, is founded by the British East India Company on a sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers.

Chennai

1614

Fettmilch Uprising: Jews are expelled from Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire, following the plundering of the Judengasse.

Fettmilch uprising

1559

Spanish archbishop Bartolomé Carranza is arrested for heresy.

Archbishop

1485

The Battle of Bosworth Field occurs; King Richard III of England's death in battle marks the end of the reigning Plantagenet dynasty and the beginning of the Tudors under Henry VII.

Battle of Bosworth Field

1153

Crusader–Fatimid wars: The fortress of Ascalon was surrendered by Fatimid Egypt to an army of crusaders, Templars, and Hospitallers led by King Baldwin III of Jerusalem.

Military history of the Crusader states

1138

Battle of the Standard between Scotland and England.

Battle of the Standard

851

Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland, halting the expansion of West Francia.

Battle of Jengland

392

Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.

Arbogast (magister militum)